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 Вторник, 16 Апреля 2013

Степанян Давид

Клейкий скотч как индикатор миграционных потоков

Клейкий скотч как индикатор миграционных потоков

Как это ни странно, но начало апреля в магазинах Армении,
особенно в сельской местности, ознаменовалось бурным всплеском объемов продаж
скотча. Продавцы в деревенских лавках не помнят, когда еще скотч был столь
полпулярен среди населения и объясняют этот факт двольно тривиально – именно им
обматываются огромные тюки и сумки, которые везут с собой в качестве багажа наши
соотечественники, уезжающие на чужбину в поисках лучшей доли.


 


Элементарная и страшная статистика стала популярной темой в
соцсетях - лишь через аэропорт «Звартноц» в первом квартале из Армении уехало
165274, а приехало 141192 человека, таким образом обеспечив отрицательное
сальдо в 24083 человека. Причем это не в сезон. Сезон временных так называемых “хопанщиков”
еще не настал. И тем не менее, к сожалению, даже эти неутешительные данные
отечественной статистики далеки от реальной ситуации, складывающейся в области
прогрессирующей все последние годы эмиграции. Помимо самолетов, наши уезжающие соотечественники
активно используют наземный транспорт: недорогие по стоимости проезда рейсовые
автобусы, маршрутки, а не редко и собственные легковые автомобили. Увеличению
числа мигрантов из Армении наземным транспортом активно способствовало
банкротство “Армавии”, после чего  энное
число трудовых мигрантов остались с недействительными билетами на руках.    


 


От наблюдений ситуации на местах, преимущественно в сельской
местности, зачастую становится страшно. Самое страшное, в прямом смысле этого слова
то, что постепенно обживающиеся в местах трудовой миграции, главным образом в
России, жители пустующих армянских сел в последние годы стали увозить с собой
семьи. Охранять же домашний скарб преимущественно остаются представители
старшего поколения, которые на склоне лет довольствуются парой-тройкой
присылаемых родными стодолларовых кюпюр. Таким образом, покидают Армению, как
правило, трудоспособные и что самое печальное - люди “с мозгами”. К чему это может
привести, по всей видимости, вопрос не риторический, тогда как власти все чаще
и сказать нечего. Благо, на пенсию выдаваемую вчерашним труженикам и строителям
индустриальной Советской Армении, в сегодняшней независимой Армении можно
заплатить в лучшем случае за хлеб с постным сыром и коммунальные услуги.      


 


Если жителей села покидать насиженные места заставляет в
первую очередь отсутствие стабильной работы, отсутствие денег на обработку
собственной земли и как следствие элементарных средств к существованию, то несколько
иная ситуация складывается в столице. Еревану “машут ручкой” в том числе и обеспеченные
по местным меркам наши соотечественники. А итоги последних президентских
выборов лишь еще больше подхлестнули миграционные показатели за счет
протестного электората. Таким образом, можно прийти к выводу, что предвыборный
лозунг одержавшего победу Сержа Саргсяна “К обеспеченной Армении” мало вдохновил
граждан страны. Очевидно, что идти “к обеспеченной Армении” в ногу с авторами
этого лозунга наши соотечественники либо не хотят, либо просто не могут. Эксперты
и не самые “чуждые” властям уже предрекают к 2050 году снижение народонаселения
страны до 1,5 млн. Таким образом, прогрессирующие показатели миграции являются ничем
иным как лакмусовой бумажкой не самых перспективных и радужных процессов,
происходящих в армянском обществе. Описать и проанализировать их комплексно, во
всей глубине идущего процесса, не способен ни один ученый демограф или психолог
ни то что в статье, а даже в формате целого исследовательского труда, зато на “выходе”
– все предельно ясно и понятно!!!

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